postfix限制特定用户收发邮件的高级访问控制方法

出处：Docn.cublog.cn 作者：Docn 时间：2007-3-14 19:50:03

邮件应用中可能回又如下的应用需求：

某销售A只能收到来自163.com及sina.com的邮件
某技术员B只能给内部用户发邮件，不允许向外网发邮件，但可以收到外网邮件
某主管可以收发内、外网邮件
......

Hello!

I have the same problem:

1. I need to permit some internal users (not all) to send mail to any
external user (Internet)
2. I need to permite any external user to send mail to some my internal
users (not all)

In fact, the problem is: just "some" of my internal users have permission to
receive mail from and send mail to the Internet.

How can I solve this?

View this article only
新闻群组：mailing.postfix.users
日期：2002-12-04 15:18:04 PST

In the example below, the same list of restricted_users is used for
controlling both who can send and who can receive internet mail. If you
don't require the local_plus feature, just leave that part out.

in main.cf:

use restriction classes to make restricted_users file more readable.
smtpd_restriction_classes = local_only, local_plus

local_only =
reject_unauth_destination
permit_mynetworks
reject

local_plus =
check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/local_plus
check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/local_plus
reject_unauth_destination
permit_mynetworks
reject

this is the default setting, required for this setup.
smtpd_delay_reject = yes

we'll do this in sender restrictions to avoid open relay problems.
smtpd_sender_restrictions =
check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/restricted_users
check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/restricted_users

and in /etc/postfix/restricted_users
# /etc/postfix/restricted_users
# this file contains a list of users only allowed to send and receive local
mail
# postmap this file after changes
# local users not listed here have no restrictions
user1@miodemi.com local_only
user2@miodemi.com local_plus

and in /etc/postfix/local_plus:
# /etc/postfix/local_plus
# this file contains allowed destinations and senders
# for users restricted to local_plus
# postmap this file after changes
miproveedor.com OK

Remember to "postmap local_plus" and "postmap restricted_users" after
making changes to them.
Remember to run "postfix reload" after changing main.cf

hzqbbc的限制方法（转自hzqbbc的blog）

有几个方法：

1) smtpd_restriction_classes = local_only
设置一个限制类别叫local_only，然后参考access(5)的格式做一个访问控制：

local_only = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/maps/my_rcpt

文件my_rcpt内容：

163.com RELAY
21cn.com RELAY
hzqbbc.com RELAY

然后，设置：

smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/maps/mysender

mysender内容：

hzqbbc@local.hzqbbc.com   local_only

这样凡是Mail from:的信只能RCPT TO: 到163.com, 21cn.com及 hzqbbc.com 三个地方了。其他的都发不出去。

按这个方法，还可以设置更多的类别，例如remote_only以及不限制的帐号等。但这些都只对from:限制。而且不管是否SASL后的。所以有一定缺陷。不过，已经达到目的了。

2)使用snapshot版的policy策略
根据某个hash表或配置文件，判断对应的sender和recipient是否匹配，匹配就返回OK或者DUNNO或者RELAY等（可能RELAY已经过时，这个是postfix 1.1.x的）如果不匹配就返回错误代码

按postfix所带的smtpd-policy.pl模式，修改一下就可以使用了。详细参考POLICY_README等。

我自己的例子：

1)定义类send2hrall：
smtpd_restriction_classes = send2hrall
send2hrall =
check_sender_access mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql-send2hrall.cf,reject
配置文件 send2hrall.cf内容如下：
hosts = localhost
user = mailuser
password = mailpasswd
dbname = maildatabase
query = select access from mysql-send2hrall where source = '%s'

2)对发给hrall@mydomain.com.cn的发件人进行审核：

smtpd_sender_restrictions =中添加：

check_recipient_access hash:/usr/local/etc/postfix/hrallclass

在/usr/local/etc/postfix目录下建立该文件

# ee /usr/local/etc/postfix/hrallclass

# postmap /usr/local/etc/postfix/hrallclass(会生成hrallclass.db)

文件/usr/local/etc/postfix/hrallclass内容如下：

hrall@mydomain.com.cn send2hrall

3)设定数据表mysql-send2hrall记录哪些人可以给hrall@mydomain.com.cn发送邮件

数据库中建立表mysql-send2hrall中使用的表，

表结构如下：

CREATE TABLE `mysql_send2hrall` (
`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
`ctime` int(11) unsigned default NULL,
`source` varchar(128) NOT NULL default '',
`access` varchar(16) NOT NULL default '',
`type` char(1) NOT NULL default 'S',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `source` (`source`,`type`,`access`,`ctime`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=12 DEFAULT CHARSET=gb2312;

对应数据格式如下

source access

oksender@mydomain.com.cn OK

oksender@otherdomain.com OK

过程大概如下：

在smtp发送邮件的时候，通过 check_recipient_access 中获知：hrall@mydomain.com.cn该邮件接收的时候需要根据类send2hrall核查，而该类中定义了发件人核查的需求，从数据库表中获取此需求的具体结果。譬如上例中，如果发件人是oksender@mydomain.com.cn，获取的结果就为ok，这样smtp将此人发给hrall@mydomain.com.cn的邮件进行正常投递；其他如果不在数据库表mysql-send2hrall中的人，将根据下面reject的定义进行回绝。

邮件服务器

postfix限制特定用户收发邮件的高级访问控制方法

hzqbbc的限制方法（转自hzqbbc的blog）